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Singapore brand taps into pre-, pro- and postbiotics for eczema relief

Gut dysbiosis is also linked to skin conditions such as psoriasis, acne, and atopic dermatitis.
Gut dysbiosis is also linked to skin conditions such as psoriasis, acne, and atopic dermatitis. ©iStock

 

Singapore brand MIRIQA has developed a supplement designed for eczema patients, using pre-, pro- and postbiotics as key active ingredients.

MIRIQA Dermabiotics is currently available in over 100 clinics, as well as the National Skin Centre and major hospital pharmacies across Singapore.

A key ingredient is Lactobacillus rhamnosus IDCC RHT3201, which is the first postbiotic approved by the Korean FDA for its immune-balancing properties.

In a 12-week clinical trial, the postbiotic was reported to reduce inflammatory markers eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and interleukin-31 (IL-31) in children aged 1 to 12 with moderate atopic dermatitis (AD).

Formulated with other probiotic strains including Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, prebiotics fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), chicory dietary fiber and vitamin D3, the blueberry / raspberry-flavored powder sachet can be consumed directly or mixed with water.

MIRIQA Dermabiotics was showcased at a media event in Singapore on Sept 23.
MIRIQA Dermabiotics was showcased at a media event in Singapore on Sept 23. (Miriqa Facebook)

Speaking to NutraIngredients at a media event on the product, Founder of MIRIQA Geraldine Lim said the goal of developing the product was to provide an alternative for eczema patients who may need topical or oral steroids or biologics such as injectables to cope with flare-ups.

Topical steroids, however, could lead to side effects such as skin thinning, while oral steroids could cause moon face and even growth suppression in children. Biologics, on the other hand, could cause eye-related side effects such as conjunctivitis.

Eczema is a subject close to Lim’s heart, as her daughter, who is now in her teens, used to struggle with eczema as a child.

“While steroids can reduce the flare, I found out from paediatricians that it usually causes moon face and height retardation,” said Lim. “Injectables are required to be taken monthly for years and I did not want a child who is still growing to go through this. I decided to go for something natural and came across the gut-skin axis.”

The gut-skin axis

With 70% to 80% of immune cells residing in the gut, an imbalance in gut bacteria could not only affect immune response but also influence other body organs through various gut-x axes, including the gut-skin axis.

For example, the gut microbiome influences skin health by regulating systemic immunity, inflammatory responses and microbial metabolite production. Gut dysbiosis is also associated with skin conditions such as psoriasis, AD and acne.

“Because there are thousands and thousands of strains, the first thing that caught our eye was the postbiotic RHT3201 from South Korea, because it has clinical evidence for prenatal, babies and also for pregnant mothers. It then became the first hero ingredient that we have for the product,” said Lim.

MIRIQA Dermabiotics
MIRIQA Dermabiotics (MIRIQA)

While she could have stopped at postbiotics, Lim opted to beef up the formulation by adding pre- and probiotics, as well as using a patented quadruple coating technology to protect probiotics from heat, stomach acid and bile.

“I could have left it as that – just using postbiotics, but I wanted a ‘suit-up’ version and told the manufacturer to formulate a product containing actives at the maximum dose,” she said. “Although this would push up our cost, I would rather come up with a product that works. I didn’t want to disappoint people with eczema because they’ve gone through so much.”

The actives and the clinical evidence

Eventually, the product was formulated with clinically studied probiotics such as Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactobacillus salivarus IDC 3551, Lactobacillus casei IDCC 3451, Lactobacillus plantarum IDCC 3501 and Bifidobacterium lactis IDCC 4301.

“The probiotics that we have found to be effective include LGG, which has the world’s most number of clinical papers regarding skin health. We also came across Lactobacillus salivarius, which paediatricians told us about. There is emerging evidence showing that when you use salivarius, you reduce the use of steroid creams as well as non-steroidal creams,” she said.

In fact, MIRIQA Dermabiotics is safe for consumption for babies from three months of age, pregnant and breastfeeding women, with strains showing effectiveness in preventing early atopic disease in children.

Specifically, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) was reported to lower the incidence of atopic eczema in children with one or both parents suffering from atopic eczema in a study by Kalliomaki et al. and published in The Lancet in 2001.

In the study, 159 pregnant women were randomized to take either LGG or placebo four weeks before delivery and then six months postnatally, either by the mothers themselves or by their infants. Findings showed that the frequency of atopic eczema in the probiotic group was half that of the placebo group.

A four-year follow-up study by Kalliomaki et al., also published in The Lancet two years later, reported that the preventive effect of LGG on atopic eczema could extend beyond infancy.

Lactobacillus salivarus, on the other hand, was tested in adults with AD for 16 weeks and was found to have significantly reduced the SCORAD (SCORing Atopic Dermatitis) index compared to placebo, with significant improvements in quality of life as seen in a lower Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI).

The prebiotic FOS was also added to the formulation, as it has been shown to significantly reduce SCORAD, itching score and sleep disturbance, as seen in a study published in 2024. Vitamin D3 was also used, as studies have shown that a deficiency could worsen eczema.

Healthcare channel first to build professional recognition

In contrast to its other health supplement products, MIRIQA has focused only on the healthcare practitioner channels for Dermabiotics since it was launched a year ago.

“Endorsement and feedback from clinics are very important, which is why we have started with the practitioner channel,” said Lim, adding that the brand will continue building the product’s reputation among healthcare professionals, while spreading public awareness of the product through engagements with KOLs.

Read the full article on Nutraingredients.

Why You Shouldn’t Rub Your Eyes

1. Introduction

Everyone rubs their eyes — but it may do more harm than you think. Eye rubbing is a frequent, almost instinctive way to soothe discomfort, yet it’s something we rarely register in our daily routine. It can be triggered by dryness, allergies, or tiredness after long hours of screen time, making people instinctively rub their eyes for quick relief. However, eye rubbing can actually cause damage over time. From the risk of spreading bacteria to putting pressure on the delicate structures of the eye, eye rubbing can have serious consequences. Therefore, understanding why this common habit should be avoided is important.

2. Why Do We Rub Our Eyes?

Common triggers of eye rubbing include:

  • Fatigue and Eye Strain. Extended screen time and insufficient sleep are key contributors to eye strain and fatigue, often causing dryness, a gritty sensation, and general discomfort. When focusing on screens, people tend to blink less frequently, leaving the eye surface exposed for longer and increasing the risk of dryness (HealthHub, 2021).
  • Dry Eyes. Similarly, environmental factors such as wind or air conditioning increase the dryness of the eye. Air conditioning reduces the humidity in the air and wind increases the airflow across the eye surface. These lead to increased evaporation rate of the eyes’ natural tear film, causing dryness and irritation.
  • Allergies and Irritation. Dust, pollen, and pet dander can irritate our eyes, causing itchiness, redness, and watering — making it tempting to rub them for relief. Allergies also trigger the release of histamines and other inflammatory chemicals which make eye rubbing almost instinctive.
  • Habit or Reflex. Eye rubbing can also simply be due to habit or reflex, an unconscious behaviour that occurs when stressed or bored.

3. What Happens When You Rub Your Eyes?

While eye rubbing may seem like a harmless gesture done out of habit, it brings about numerous concerns.

Firstly, our hands are one of the dirtiest parts of our body. On average, our hands carry up to 3,200 different germs (Pfizer, 2022), some of which can be harmful and cause infections. Eye rubbing would spread bacteria, effectively infecting ourselves and increasing the risk of eye infection.

Secondly, the eyes are one of the most vulnerable entry points to the body. Their moist and exposed surface makes them prone to infections. Eye rubbing after touching common surfaces can transfer bacteria or viruses between people, often leading to conjunctivitis, or pink eye. This common infection can be viral or bacterial and is typically characterized by redness, itchiness, burning, and discharge.

Additionally, eye rubbing would lead to micro-scratches on the cornea. The cornea, a transparent dome-shaped layer on the outer eye, is responsible for transmitting over 90% of incoming visible light into the eye (Meek, 2008). In the long term, friction from eye rubbing can lead to more serious conditions such as keratoconus, a non-inflammatory disease characterised by the cornea thinning and bulging into a cone shape (also known as ectatic protrusion) (Najmi, 2019). This distortion can lead to blurred vision, severe astigmatism, and glare.

Lastly, rubbing your eyes too hard can cause tiny blood vessels in the white of your eyes and the delicate skin around them to break. This can lead to bloodshot eyes (or a condition called subconjunctival hemorrhage). While it is normally harmless and will heal on its own, do see a doctor if it does not get better within 2 weeks, or if you experience eye pain. The thin skin under your eyes is also especially vulnerable where repeated rubbing can contribute to dark circles. Over time, this friction can also accelerate wrinkles and the natural aging of your skin.

Effects of eye rubbing - cornea damage, infections, and broken blood vessels

4. How to Stop Rubbing Your Eyes

Here are some easy tips to relieve eye discomfort, without rubbing them!

  • Use Lubricating Eye Drops. It is recommended to use lubricating or hydrating eye drops for dry eyes.

Evolve preservative-free lubricating eye drops for dry eye relief

If you’re looking for a gentle, everyday option, give Evolve eye drops a try. They’re preservative-free, phosphate-free, safe to use with contact lenses, and stay sterile for up to 90 days after opening. These benefits make them a great choice for sensitive eyes and post-procedure care.

  • Remove and Avoid Allergens. Identify and avoid any allergens affecting your eyes and use air purifiers if needed. If symptoms persist despite taking precautions, try using antihistamine eye drops. However, if the reaction does not improve or worsens, seek evaluation by a doctor.
  • Apply a Cold Compress. The low temperature can help to relieve inflammation and itchiness in the eyes.
  • Practice Better Eye Hygiene. It is understandable that sometimes eye rubbing is unavoidable, especially when it is out of reflex. So, wash your hands frequently to lower the chances of eye infections.
  • Stay Well Rested. Reduce digital eye strain by taking regular eye breaks, and by adjusting the screen brightness and room lighting. Sleep and hydration are also key for reducing eye dryness and maintaining eye health.

5. When to Be Concerned

While occasional eye rubbing is usually harmless, it can become a concern when it is accompanied by persistent itchiness, pain, or blurred vision. While these symptoms may stem from pre-existing issues such as allergies or dry eye syndrome, some other symptoms such as redness, discharge, swelling, or sensitivity to light, should not be ignored. In such cases, it would be best to consult a doctor for the right treatment.

References

  1. HealthHub. (2021, November 23). Keep an eye on it – eye strain. https://www.healthhub.sg/well-being-and-lifestyle/personal-care/keep-an-eye-on-it–eye-strain
  2. Meek, K. (2008). The Cornea and Sclera. In: Fratzl, P. (eds) Collagen. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73906-9_13
  3. Najmi, H. (2019). The correlation between keratoconus and eye rubbing: a review. International Journal of Ophthalmology, 12(11), 1775–1781. https://doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2019.11.17
  4. Pfizer Inc. (2022, October 13). How clean are your hands? https://www.pfizer.com/news/articles/how_clean_are_your_hands

Understanding Dry Eye & How to Manage It Better

Prof. Dr. Louis Tong from Singapore National Eye Centre (SNEC)

1. What is dry eye disease?

Dry eye disease is a common condition that occurs when your eyes do not produce enough tears or when the quality of tears is poor and they evaporate too quickly. Tears are essential to keep the surface of the eye healthy, comfortable, and vision clear. When tear balance is disrupted, patients may experience dryness, irritation, redness, burning, fluctuating vision, excessive tearing, or a gritty “sand-like” sensation. Dry eye can be temporary or long-term, and its severity can vary from mild discomfort to symptoms that significantly affect daily life, work, and screen use.

2. Why is it important to treat dry eye early and consistently?

Dry eye is often a chronic condition, meaning it usually requires ongoing care rather than a one-time treatment. If left untreated, dry eye can lead to persistent discomfort, unstable vision, inflammation, and damage to the eye surface.

Regular treatment helps to:

  • Improve eye comfort
  • Stabilize vision
  • Protect the ocular surface
  • Prevent worsening of symptoms over time
  • Consistency is important; treatments work best when eyedrops are used as prescribed by your eye doctor, even when symptoms feel better.

3. What are artificial tears and how do they help?

Artificial tears are lubricating eye drops designed to supplement your natural tears.

They help to:

  • Moisten the eye surface
  • Reduce irritation and dryness
  • Improve visual clarity
  • Support healing of the ocular surface

They are often the first-line treatment for dry eye and are safe for long-term use when used appropriately.

4. Why are there so many types of artificial tears in the market?

Not all dry eyes are the same. This is why there are many different formulations of artificial tears available. They may differ in:

  • Thickness (viscosity):
    Thinner drops feel lighter and are suitable for mild dry eye or frequent use, while thicker gels or ointments provide longer relief but may blur vision temporarily
  • Ingredients:
    Some focus on water replacement, others improve tear stability or reduce evaporation, while certain drops support the healing of the eye surface. For instance, formulations with sodium hyaluronate are hydrating and help promote ocular surface repair, making them especially useful for moderate to severe dry eye or tear instability.
  • Preservative vs preservative-free:
    Preservative-free drops are often recommended for frequent use or sensitive eyes while preserved drops may be suitable for occasional use. Multi-dose preservative-free (MDPF) formulations like Evolve HA stay sterile for 90 days after opening and are suitable for sensitive eyes and post-procedure care.
EVOLVE HA Eyedrops
Figure 1 – Evolve HA eye drops (sodium hyaluronate 0.2%) – an example of a multi-dose preservative-free eye drop, for moderate to severe dry eye symptom relief.

Because dry eye can involve tear deficiency, tear instability, inflammation, or eyelid gland dysfunction, your doctor may recommend a specific type of artificial tear that best matches your condition.

5. Why does my eye doctor recommend a particular eye drop for me?

Your eye doctor’s recommendation is based on:

  • The type and severity of your dry eye
  • Your symptoms and examination findings
  • How often you need to use the drops
  • Your lifestyle (screen use, contact lenses, work environment)

Using the recommended drop correctly and consistently gives you the best chance of symptom relief. If a drop causes discomfort, blurring, or does not seem effective, it is important to inform your doctor rather than stopping it on your own.

6. Do you provide specialized care for dry eye?

Yes, for severe dry eye cases with other complications, we offer comprehensive assessment and personalized management through our dedicated Dry Eye Clinic services at Singapore National Eye Centre. Our approach focuses on identifying the underlying causes of dry eye and tailoring treatment plans that may include eye drops and advanced therapies when needed. Whereas for the mild and moderate types of dry eye with no other complications, you can be taken care by your regular eye care professionals like Optometrists and general ophthalmologists.

7. What is the key message for patients with dry eye?

Dry eye is common, manageable, and treatable. With the right diagnosis, appropriate eye drops, regular warm compresses, and ongoing education, most patients can achieve good symptom control and improved quality of life. Staying informed, consistent with treatment, and engaged in shared learning makes a meaningful difference.

8. Is there a platform where I can learn more and connect with other dry eye patients?

Yes. Patients with dry eye are encouraged to join our education and patient-sharing platform on the Friends of the Dry Eye Service Substack page here.

On this platform, patients can:

  • Learn more about dry eye and available treatments
  • Read educational articles written for patients
  • Participate in constructive discussions
  • Share real-life experiences and coping strategies
  • Share your stories dealing with various types of treatment for dry eye
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